Bismuth Subsalicylate

Description

Bismuth subsalicylate is a compound of bismuth, which is thought to have antibacterial properties, and salicylate, which has a weak anti-prostaglandin effect that may decrease inflammation and secretions in the gastrointestinal tract. Used to treat diarrhea in horses, it acts in much the same way as in humans by soothing and protecting the gastrointestinal tract.

Usage

Since diarrhea in horses can range from mild to life threatening, maintaining hydration and minimizing the absorption of bacterial endotoxins is the main goal of treating diarrhea. In all cases of diarrhea, a veterinarian should be consulted. Many horses require intravenous fluids and prompt treatment will help avoid the possibilities of dehydration, laminitis, and other serious complications.

Bismuth subsalicylate is commonly used in foals, ponies, and older horses.

Dosage and Administration

Bismuth subsalicylate may be given in either the suspension form or in a weight-calibrated paste syringe. Because of the amount given to adult horses, use of a nasogastric tube is often recommended.

Veterinary preparations of bismuth subsalicylate, which is not a prescription drug, are available in gallons and are frequently less expensive than the product packaged for humans.

Side Effects

Bismuth subsalicylate is considered to be very safe. The feces may darken and constipation may occur in foals. Theoretically, since the salicylate component is related to aspirin, the drug could increase clotting time, but this would be very unusual.

Precautions

Since bismuth subsalicylate is related to aspirin, which is frequently a regulated drug, it is important to check with the individual regulatory agency when using this drug in competition horses.

Bizmuth subsalicylate is not a prescription drug.

Although bismuth subsalicylate is sometimes used in people for the management of ulcers, other more effective and convenient medications are available for the treatment of ulcers in horses.

Interactions

Since bismuth subsalicylate is related to aspirin, care should be taken if both drugs are used concurrently. Bismuth subsalicylate can decrease the absorption of oral tetracycline antibiotics if used at the same time. For effectiveness, the dosing should be separated by at least two hours.

Overdose

Overdosing with bismuth subsalicylate is very difficult to achieve, and therefore uncommon, especially with adult horses.