Description

Crystalloids are aqueous (water-based) solutions of mineral and other water soluble salts. They are used in intravenous fluid replacement to replace lost water and electrolytes due to dehydration, to support blood pressure, and, in some cases, to replace blood volume in circumstances of shock or blood loss.

Usage

Crystalloids are used to replace lost water and electrolytes due to dehydration, to support blood pressure, and, in some cases, to replace blood volume in circumstances of shock or blood loss following surgery or injury.

Dosage and Administration

Crystalloids
Method	Dosage	Concentration	Period	Duration
IV or SQ	Based on body-weight and degree of fluid replacement needed	Dependent on specific crystalloid used	Treatment	As needed
Notes: Federal law restricts this drug to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian. Extra-label use of drugs in treating animals is allowable only by licensed veterinarians within the context of a valid veterinarian-client-patient relationship, and does not include drug use in treating animals by the layman (except under the supervision of a licensed veterinarian). The duration of administration depends on the condition being treated, response to the medication and the development of any adverse effects. Be certain to complete the prescription unless specifically directed by your veterinarian. Even if your equine appears to feel better, the entire treatment plan should be completed to prevent relapse. Calculator is for educational purposes only. Follow your veterinarian's instructions regarding use of this, or any, medication.

Side Effects

Leakage of crystalloids around the vein (i.e. from a poorly-placed or dislodged IV catheter) may cause irritation. Inflammation and/or infection of the vein are known risks of IV catheter placement. Inappropriate crystalloid selection may cause electrolyte imbalances.

Precautions

Intravenous or subcutaneous administration of crystalloid solutions must be done with strict attention to proper sterile technique.

Dosage should be calculated and monitored by a licensed veterinarian.

Interactions

Certain drugs (i.e. flunixin meglumine) will form precipitates when mixed with particular crystalloids such as Lactated Ringer's solution. Addition of medications to IV crystalloid fluid solutions should not be performed except under the direct supervision of a licensed veterinarian..

Overdose

Excessive IV fluid therapy can cause symptoms of volume overload, including pleural effusion (build-up of fluid in the chest cavity). Smaller animals are particularly vulnerable. Dosing should be calculated and monitored by a veterinarian